Othello - Values And Attitudes :: essays research papers

"If Othello didn’t start as a play about race, history has made it one." The Venetian culture that Othello is set in is illustrative of the journalists setting. The mentalities and qualities that Shakespeare uncovers through the content are those equivalent perspectives and estimations of Elizabethan culture in England in the sixteenth-century. In spite of the fact that Othello is set in Venice and Cyprus, the perspectives and qualities partook in the content are likely intelligent of the mentalities and estimations of Shakespeare's own general public. It is hard to evaluate the perspectives and estimations of individuals in sixteenth-century Britain to the moderately barely any blacks living among them. We are given an understanding into those perspectives and qualities through the portrayal of race and sexual orientation in the content of Othello.These mentalities and qualities are characteristic of what a culture has confidence in and bolsters. When Othello was composed the English were turning out to be increasingly more mindful of the presence of different races on the planet other than themselves. There had been a great deal of voyaging and blacks were starting to be utilized in Europe for the slave exchange. During the time the play was composed, the Queen of England had restricted all blacks from entering the city. She talked about them as "Negars and Moors which are crawled into the domain, of which sort of individuals there are as of now here too many". It appears that Shakespeare is practically taunting the Queen by describing Othello as a person of color who has a high positioning situation in the Army and who weds a white noble ladies, without wanting to. Ruth Cowlig proposes that the introduction of Othello as the saint more likely than not been surprising for Elizabethan crowds. This may have been the situation, however through the portrayal of Othello we can see that a few citizenry, for example, the Duke, investigated his shading to relegate him his position though, others, for example, Iago, look on his shading as an approach to deride him. Threatening vibe is appeared to Othello by characters, for example, Iago and Roderigo. This disposition may have been energized by the across the board confidence in the legend that blacks were relatives of Ham in the Genesis story, rebuffed for sexual overabundance by their darkness. The Elizabethan's talked about finally whether this skin shading was because of life in a hot atmosphere or whether it was a discipline for wrongdoing. To the Elizabethan's, who thought progressively, light complexion was the encapsulation of excellence and consequently brown complexion positioned beneath it.

Recruitment and Selection Strategy in Hotel Operations in Manchester

Question: Portray about the Recruitment and determination technique in inn activities in Manchester? Answer: Objective: To build up an enrollment and determination technique that would address the issues of representatives and managers (Alger Crowley, 2012). Method: Staffing specialists: Agents are to be named so as to obtain the most ideal Human asset. This understanding should be possible with the specialists in India, China, and Philippines and so forth. Pre-Screening of the candidates: Staffing operators will pre-screen the applications, keep up documents of every candidate with their all out bio-information, and attempt to affirm the references by reaching the past businesses. The following target will be to affirm the chosen candidates for additional meetings (Anell Wilson, 2000). Set up for interviews: With the guidelines of the businesses, the staffing operators will sort out meetings. The meeting will proceed according to the necessities of the lodging. The staffing operator will affirm any ranking staff from the tasks branch of the inn will direct different subtleties like scene, time and different conventions and the last meeting. Recruiting choices: The administration of the inn will take an official conclusion of determination. Last affirmation: The workers who might pass the meeting level will be at long last given a call to join the lodging. Adaptable working practices in the association: The adaptable working hours incorporate long periods of work, the examples of working, and the area of working. There is barely any consistence that the associations must follow on the matter of adaptability. The association should consider if the staff is a parent of school going kid or more youthful age, if a staff is matured, if a staff has authentic medical problems and so on. A worker would then be able to demand for adaptable working courses of action (Byars Rue, 2011). Sorts of Flexibility that can be applied in this industry: 1. Lead representative reviews to know the requirements and desires for the employees.2. Discover key regions to manufacture abilities and encourage preparing for the same.3. Propose answers for individual support, family upkeep and security of the employees.4. Production of chances for more noteworthy association among representatives and management.5. Criticisms can be taken to upgrade the value of the representative government assistance capacities. Be that as it may, the application for adaptability in working might possibly be acknowledged by the administration of the association (Dowling, Festing Engle, 2013). Points of interest of adaptable working: In inn industry, the administrations need to proceed with entire round the year all day, every day so the maintenance of workers is extremely vital. This staffs keep on offering types of assistance just when they are happy with the working strategies. In the event that the workers are over troubled, at that point nature of administrations may likewise diminish. Adaptability in the working practices is important to hold the representatives in the association. These work courses of action can really positively affect the efficiency of the representatives (Entrekin Scott-Ladd, 2013). Inconveniences of adaptable working: The advantages of adaptable workplace are tremendous however there are numerous hindrances as well. The association should see a portion of its terrible effects before executing it. In the event that the representatives don't pay attention to the work, at that point it may make issues. Adaptability in the working environment ought to be there however extreme adaptability can prompt the ruin of an association. Those representatives who are dependable and don't let the work get hurt becaus of adaptability ought to be qualified for adaptability (Gordon, 2014). Effect on adaptability in light of the fact that changing work markets: Since the work advertise is so broadened and ever changing, the work practices and culture vary at each spot. The businesses must be adaptable now and again with regards to run an organization universally. There are no different alternatives other than being adaptable at the work place since this adaptability assists managers with holding representatives from everywhere throughout the globe. This workers are very much prepared and specialists of their individual fields (Graham Nafukho, 2010). Besides, on the off chance that an organization is adaptable in its working conditions, at that point it will carry great g notoriety to the organization. The effect on adaptability as a result of the changing work showcase is immense. Individuals travel all round the globe for their employments, the organizations think of progressively adaptable work culture, and the standard working practices are hampered. This work culture of adaptability is in reality useful for associations (Ivancevich Kono paske, 2013). Separation in working environment: Separation in the work place alludes to treating a few people uniquely in contrast to others. The separation can be based on sex, handicap, sexual direction, race, shading, nationality, religion, ethinic foundation, marriage or common relationship, sexual direction, pregnancy (Mondy, 2012). Sorts of separation: Direct separation: Direct segregation happens when a business treats a worker less well than a business treats others due to any the reasons refered to above. For instance in the event that the activity of a driver is open just to male candidate, at that point it would be exceptionally segregating with respect to the business (Nolan, 2010). Circuitous separation: Circuitous separation happens when a gathering of individuals are more influenced than the others. For instance, there are work bunches who are strictly ordered to keep long whiskers, yet on the off chance that at their work environments they are constrained to shave off their facial hair, at that point they will be separated more than other work gatherings. (Value Price, 2011) Indirect segregation is unlawful and the business need to legitimize on the off chance that they are not eagerly harming the suppositions of others. The case of clean shaved workers is supported on the off chance that it is on account of eateries or food producing industry. Badgering: Badgering is the hostile conduct of mishandling somebody explicitly or racially that expects to mortify, discourage the objective. It additionally incorporates giving somebody a dormant hostile moniker (Rowden, 2000). Exploitation: Exploitation is the treating an individual less well than others since they whined about any provocation or separation on them. Equity and assorted variety: Equity and assorted variety have two distinctive importance yet they meet each other in the skyline of advancement of an association. Correspondence implies making a more attractive society, where everybody has equivalent chance to develop and flourish. Then again, decent variety implies contrast, distinction in race, culture, ethnicity and so on (Smith, 2013). It is a hard undertaking for an administrator to keep up fairness in decent variety yet in this day and age it is extremely fundamental for associations to get individuals from various nations and make them co-ordinate similarly in the association. Correspondence in decent variety can be kept up if the association begins esteeming its representatives, treat them similarly, rouse them appropriately and stay away from separation (Stone, 2011). Equivalent open doors enactments for an association: It is from the enactment to take out segregation. Overseeing decent variety alludes to tolerating individuals from all gatherings and not segregating them. The fundamental contrast between overseeing decent variety and equivalent open door is the strategy for execution. Equivalent open door is remotely created and run by enactment and society ethnic like equity, equity, and human rights. Overseeing decent variety is inside started and runs on the requirements of the business. The association centers around accomplishing its objectives and viably use the human asset (Torrington, 2011). In the event that the association needs to find the genuine capability of it workers, at that point may be viewed as separation as well. Examination between contrast techniques for execution the executives framework: Representative execution can be estimated by the remuneration that the association offers, by the status of the worker, and openings that can be investigated. The techniques, which help in estimating the exhibition of representatives, are: Graphic rating scales, the executives by targets and constrained positioning (Werner, Schuler Jackson, 2012). Realistic rating scales: These technique is helpful in associations which are creation situated and for those which move at a quick pace for instance food industry. A rating scale includes rundown of obligations, gauges, and there is a scale extending from 1 to 5 to pass judgment on the worker execution. It tends to be finished rapidly by rating the workers. This is perfect for those associations, which are tremendous and handle huge divisions. In the inn, this technique will work best as the representatives can be checked dependent on an agenda. This agenda would determine what and what amount is a worker working (Whyman Petrescu, 2013). The executives by destinations: Management by goals are helpful for assessing the exhibition of workers in administrative positions. In this, the director records the objectives that must be accomplished by representative. The exhibitions of the representative are estimated by the quantity of assignments he/she can wrap up when assigned to him. This technique would be useful in passing judgment on the workers at administrative situation in the cafés. Constrained positioning strategy: Forced positioning technique was never viewed as a modern strategy for execution examination. It separates workers into three gatherings, 70% of the representatives went under well performing workers, 20% were under normal performing representatives and 10% under most minimal performing representatives. Some of the time the confidence of the workers are harmed. The fundamental thought process of an exhibition the executives framework is to redesign the assurance of the worker by assessing their exhibitions. Approaches towards worker government assistance: The government assistance of the workers is a significant capacity of the association. The association can likewise save a different division for worker government assistance. Notwithstanding, it relies upon the size and number of representatives in the association. Representative government assistance incorporates a great deal of region to cover. There are sure consistence too that an association

Police Brutality Essay

Philadelphia is situated in New Jersey on the eastern ocean leading group of the United States. This makes it a perfect area for settlers from Nigeria to pick as a section point into the US. This inflows has prompted an over stretch in the social civilities. To the extent that Nigerians play out the occupations Americans don't need, the way that they don't pay charges implies they can't add to the development of Philadelphia. The police power on their part is transcendently white. They are not prepared on the most proficient method to manage the new populace. The most effective method to be touchy to their way of life and convictions. Since the appearances are likewise not very at standard with the American culture, this varieties a general public that exists together yet doesn't have a clue how to cooperate and welcome one another. This has prompted an expansion in police mercilessness particularly among Nigerian guys of ages 15-70. The two sides feel they are mis-comprehended the police are attempting to keep the harmony, while the Nigerians are attempting to get by. While there are increasingly clear indications of provocations against individuals esteemed dark (African-Americans and Native Americans) instead of whites in the first place, xenophobia (undue dread or scorn of that which is remote, particularly of outsiders or remote people groups) is progressively unmistakable against those outsiders who likewise happen to have darker skins which normally incorporates Africans, Mexicans, Jamaicans, Carib-Africans, Haitians, Indians (from India), So. Americans, and so on nd other non-Caucasian races. Africans, who normally fit into the dark portion, along these lines get a one-two punch should they experience a cop who has xenophobia, and Nigerians who have experienced provocation occurrences have noticed this as a common factor over the span of their being hassled. Unmistakable intonations are obvious and a xenophobic official would have a field day should he experience one whom he fears and along these lines depicts contempt towards (www. igeriansinamerica. com). There is have to prepare the police power on the need to conquer Xenophobia among its officials. Likewise, progressively dark workplaces must be utilized and an exertion be made to relegate them to work in dark networks and neighborhoods, to expand the acknowledgment of the police as a law implementation organization.

Topic Ideas For An Argumentative Essay

Topic Ideas For An Argumentative EssayYou have the responsibility of choosing topics for an argumentative essay. As in all aspects of writing and education, your choice of topics will make a great difference to the success of your project. If you are writing a dissertation on medieval history, a little research on the topic will certainly give you inspiration. Take some time to consider some topics for an argumentative essay.Writing a dissertation might require that you learn the details of a specific period in your history, and that includes the things that occurred in it. You might find it helpful to delve into the more controversial aspects of history such as the Hundred Years War, the Wars of the Roses or even Shakespeare's life. The more detail you include in your paper, the better chance you have of making an impressive dissertation and that means that there is a lot of homework to be done.A very interesting topic for an argumentative essay could be which country invented the f irst computer. Why not think about the country that invented the first mobile phone? Computers are considered to be a necessity for many, but the most surprising fact about them is that they were invented by a group of people who did not get paid for their invention.Arguments are generally made by painting one side of the story. Often it is much easier to paint the positive side and this is what you want to do with your argumentative essay. Your reader will like a more upbeat and optimistic approach, which means that you will need to think about some of the more negative things in history as well.Your subject of argument will naturally be on the contemporary or modern world, so make sure that you include plenty of references to that subject. It is also possible to incorporate various elements of both modern and historical times. This means that your essay will be more in depth than a simple outline, but you will have to decide if you want to cover one event in one day or a series of events. Either way, it is important to leave some time for research, so this may mean taking a day off work.Another nice topic for an argumentative essay is the fact that history has changed considerably over the centuries. Most people who read a historical report in the newspaper know that history will not always be exactly the same as it was in the past. Try to remember those interesting anecdotes from that era and include them in your paper.Whatever you decide to write, the project will need to be interesting and the project itself will require effort, but there are plenty of opportunities to make your argument of the length of a novella. You just need to use your imagination and write with the style of a personal essay and you will find that it flows quickly and comes to life when it is read. No matter what you decide to do, the best way to write a persuasive essay is to use your imagination and be open to ideas that others will accept.

Problems and Prospects of MIS in Bangladesh - 6554 Words

Problems and Prospects of MIS in Bangladesh --------- A perspective study on SME Declaration 21st December,2011 Md. Rahimullah Miah Lecturer Dept. of Business Administration Leading University,Sylhet. Subject: Submission of report on â€Å"Problems and Prospects of MIS in Bangladesh† ----- A perspective study on SME Dear Sir, I would like to thank you for assigning us this subject to prepare the report. This task has given me the opportunity to explore one of the most important aspects of the MIS†¦show more content†¦In our study, information has been collected by using multiple tools. Much necessary information has been collected by from the personal observation and one to one discussion with the relevant officials. A questionnaire was designed to collect information on the use of SME loans, access to SME credit facilities and revenue-expenditure of the enterprises. Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were used to get a broader view of the business environment for SMEs, their major drawbacks, labor market mechanisms, demand for other complimentary services, the strengths and weaknesses of SME services of different banks and a comparison with other players providing similar services. Complimentary information on indirect employment generation, governance problems and the costs of operation for SMEs was put together from individual case studies conducted at the branch offices of different banks that offer only SME credit services. Three practical banks, named BRAC Bank, Dhaka Bank and Mercantile Bank Ltd were selected as sample banks purposively considering the amount of loan size, interest rate, loan processing fees, period of loans, mode of finance and management. 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Chemistry in Everydaylife - 1042 Words

Chemistry is a big part of your everyday life. You find chemistry in daily life in the foods you eat, the air you breathe, your soap, your emotions and literally every object you can see or touch. Here s a look at some everyday chemistry. Elements in the Human Body Steve Allen, Getty Images Your body is made up of chemical compounds, which are combinations of elements. While you probably know your body is mostly water, which is hydrogen and oxygen, can you name the other elements that make Chapter 1Introduction to Chemistry : Chapter 1Introduction to Chemistry Milbank High School Section 1.1Chemistry : Section 1.1Chemistry OBJECTIVES: Define chemistry and differentiate among its traditional divisions. Section 1.1Chemistry :†¦show more content†¦The pituitary gland sees all of this activity and thinks some sort of emergency must be occurring, so it releases hormones that tell the adrenal glands to produce adrenaline. Adrenaline is the fight hormone, and it makes your heart to beat faster, the breathing tubes to open up, the liver to release sugar into the bloodstream for extra energy and your muscles to tighten up, ready for action. Because of this, after consuming a big cup of coffee your muscles tense up, you feel excited and you can feel your heart beat increasing. Moreover, as amphetamines, caffeine also increases the levels of dopamine, which is associated with the pleasure system of the brain, providing feelings of enjoyment and reinforcement. Throughout the centuries, there have been many benefits brought by chemistry to our daily living. Two significant contributions made by chemistry towards our lifestyle is the protection of our health and hygiene. The purification our water by process of chlorination, dental cleanliness from toothpaste, sterilisation, the control and the cure of disease are all a part of daily living discovered and created by chemistry. These discoveries make up a major component for the protection of our health and hygiene and are vital for the future existence of mankind. The ideal water for humans is hard water. Hard water is healthy as it consists of calcium, Ca2+, and magnesium, Mg2+, ions. Ca2+ are needed in the formation of bones and are

Chinese Oil Paintings Analyzing Compositions of Painters Essay Example For Students

Chinese Oil Paintings: Analyzing Compositions of Painters Essay For instance, the earliest Chinese paintings were found during the Neolithic period, paintings, which were found on tones more often reflecting peoples daily lives such as hunting, dancing rowers. Going on, Kin Dynasty, which was a dynasty once united China, was famous for its Palace and Temple style wall paintings. In Han Dynasty, paintings on silk once appeared in Chinese painting history. Calligraphy played more important role in Chinese painting in Jinn Dynasty. In SSI Dynasty, landscape paintings ever more focused. Turing in Tang Dynasty, human figures paintings were more developed, so were landscape paintings and flowers and birds paintings. In Song Dynasty, based on past experiences, different paintings were well changed in new ways, specially ink paintings. Also in this period, Xii He established the Six principles Of Chinese paintings including spirit resonance, bone method, correspondence to object, suitability to type, division and planning, and transmission by copying (Xii, Preface). Yuan Dynasty continued past paintings techniques with its own historical subject matters. Lastly, in Mining and King Dynasty, much more painters established diversely either in paintings or painting techniques or subject matters. Narrative paintings fulfilled wider color ranges and much more lively paintings became more popular (Pan, P. -82). Also, painters started fighting against the traditional rules of painting and established new ways to express themselves more directly through free brushwork. However, no matter how strongly Chinese paintings had being well developed and innovated such as in techniques tot using shades, colors, or in subject matters tot expressing unique historical stories or different custom, Chinese oil paintings did not get a chance to stand in Chinese art history until late King. Starting late King Dynasty, even Chinese oil paintings begin to be developed quite late, still, the way of growth of Chinese oil paintings is luxuriant. Basically, the growth of Chinese oil paintings can be divided by three periods in general, which are the period before Mao Sedona, the period during Mao and the period of late Mao, and painters from each period have their own painting styles to represent the general painting of the period such as Xx Beings realism paintings Sound of the Elute and The Foolish Man Who Moved the Mountains before Mao, Khan Assassins heroism in Vive Heroes Of Mount Lang and Dong XENIX5 Kaki Guy Dad Diana as an example of art used as a tool to serve for the government during Mao, and Chairman Mao Goes to Anyway, an Oil painting Of Lieu Chuan as a representative Of painters lost rights to paint free and Lou Shingles symbolism in the painting Father during the late Mao. Beginning at the late King period till the establishment Of China, Chinese painters started to get holds of the oil painting skills such that in figures expression, characteristics, or use of color. Many painters studied abroad to learn the western style paintings, which played an important role in Chinese oil painting history. Among these students, painters like Hung Fuzzy, Lie Shutout, Wang Wheezy, Change You, Line Finnegan, Xx Bending, etc successively amen back to China from France and Japan. They involved in Chinese oil paintings in the western painters manner, and painted Chinese oil painting with the western painters interest and taste. This is one reason why many painters oil paintings during their early stage had more foreign cultural feelings. In their painting styles, what influenced these painters who studied abroad are the realism painting style and the impressionism painting style. In general, they painted people around them, city views around them, or just basic still objects. In their paintings, they represented not only different painters personal emotion r personal experiences, but also represented a feeling of not being restrained by Chinese traditional culture (Wang. P. 5-42). Xx Bending as an important painter in Chinese oil painting history, also as a painter studied abroad, is able to represent this period. Xx studied oil painting in Paris and by combining Chinese traditional painting techniques, Xx developed very first Chinese realism Oil painting. In his Oil painting training he paid a large amount attention on basic sketching. What Xx is known for, is his exquisite techniques, which carried forward the western classical art and combined part Of the impressionism into is oil paintings. In Ex.s figures paintings, he painted models accurately with elegant movement feelings. The use of light, shade and color made the figures in the paintings more lively. All the figures in his paintings could represent all different prospects such as quiet, undermining, soft or strong. In his oil paintings of nature subject matters, he focused more on the nature and his own personal feelings. Thus, his compositions touch people by their vitality, specific and creativity. In use of colors in oil paintings, Xx can see clearly what the color differences are on one single objects; He changes to use diverse colors, which is retreat. Also, he can use colors to change lights between the borders of light and dark. In Ex.s paintings, he can even use colors like dark red, orange or lemon yellow to paint figures skin, which never appeared before (Wang, p. 184-190), For instance, in Xx Beings oil painting Sound of the Flute, a young Chinese girl leaned to one side plays the flute (Andrews, P. 0-31), The girls expression seems she is thinking, and at the same time, she was staring at far away with a bit of sadness in her eyes. We seem to be able to hear the sound of the flute from the girl. The background is quiet and secluded countryside view, and the old trees and the flying white crane that may be seen indistinctly, makes an indistinct Chinese style atmosphere. The flute as Chinese traditional instrument sounds quiet, beautiful and leisurely. Also, it can sound sad, which can make people think back through their lives quietly. On the other hand, the girl in the painting is named Kiang Bowie, Who was Ex.s lover once, but they separated at the end. Xx chooses this image to express the girls temperament, and also, it gives 3 feeling Of a sad Story. Besides, in the painting, it embodied that Xx consciously explored oil paintings with Chinese characteristic. For example, its Structure, colors, techniques, thoughts and even emotions give people the feelings of the eastern paintings, especially his paintings structure. Unlike other traditional paintings, the girl is not painted in the center. Indian Painting and Sculpture EssayThe close scene of the painting showed one side view f the Temperament. The further scene described different aspects on the very important day: sunny day and blue sky with white clouds, and the wide square with thousands of red flags (Andrews, P. 9-10). At this exciting moment, every political Officer in the painting showed different emotions such as Mao Godsons calm and serious, GHz Deer happiness or Song Kindlings kindness. Different emotions showed people their personal experiences and thinking, Which made each person in the painting, fulfilled a unique soul. From the paintings Structure, even though the country leaders only took approximately one-third pace of the painting, the country leaders still attracted attentions under the framing of the red lanterns, red pillars and red carpets. Mao Godsons healthy and massive body was painted in the very center of the painting, which could represent the core meaning of Mao leading the new China. Also, in use of colors, Dong also used red to compare with the blue color of the sky and ocean, and the green color of the trees, which made the scene more lively and happier. The gold color could not only represent the fall quarter but also imply the rich that filled with the painters best wishes tort the growth tot China. Lastly, the third period in Chinese oil painting history is during the late Mao, which is after the year 1965. From 1966 to 1376, the Cultural Revolution took place in China, which completely overturned Chinese art area. Painters lost their freedom of paintings because during these ten years, art was completely controlled by the government to serve for its politics. As a result, any form of art of painters personal expression disappeared in these ten years (Andrews, P. 1-29). In another words, these ten years was quite empty in Chinese art history. During the Cultural Revolution, artists of Mao Sedona became the main current of oil paintings. These portraits were embellished by painters based on certain photo of Mao. Gore example, Lieu Acanthuss Chairman Mao Goes to Anyway was called the sample plate Of Chinese new art. A large amount Of this painting was duplicated, and IL became one most widely spread painting in Chinese history. Also, the common characteristic Of paintings during this period was that in form Of dealing With figures, red and shining colors were used all the time to express the main heros glory and giant, and the main hero was painted in the very center of the nettings (Ai, P. 14). For instance, in the widely spread oil painting Chairman Mao Goes to Anyway, Lieu Chuan also followed the common characteristic, which Mao Sedona was painted in the very center of the painting, and on the face, red and shining could be easily noticed. Besides, the most important purpose of this painting was to express Mao Godsons the giant image and ideology. Lieu also gave definitions to every single move of Mao in the painting (Ai, p. 14-15). For example, slightly raised head and slightly twisted neck showed that Mao was not triad tot hardships or dangers, and he dared to tight tort the evolution. Strongly held left hand showed that Mao had the faith of winning the revolution and liberating whole people in China. Lastly, the umbrella held in his right hand showed that Mao put himself out of way of revolution no matter how hard it would be. Not only in the action of the figure, in the painting, behind Mao, mountains symbolized the historical background of the revolution. Rough mountain roads also represented the hardships on the way of revolution. And clouds framed Mayos giant image After 1 977, Chinese oil paintings finally had a chance of rebirth. Under a more stable and peaceful political setting, minters were more relieved to freely took part in producing compositions again. Also, more often communicating internationally gave chances for painters to understand worldwide arts. During this period, painters fearlessly absorbed the western countries format and concept of paintings. Oil paintings became a way to express Chinese peoples mentality and feeling and a way to introduce Chinese art to common people. For instance, many painters dug more into common peoples daily lives so that a new type Of Oil paintings was developed such as Lou Shingles composition Father. Also, symbolic technique was widely used in this erred. Even for landscape or portrait paintings, cultural symbol could be seen in the oil paintings. Based on the realism painting technique, painters made the symbolism paintings widespread. Using shapes, colors, light and shade in the reality combining personal memory and fantasy about the reality became one unique characteristic of Chinese oil paintings (Andrews, P. 6-17). In the painting Father, Lou Shingling described an old farmer living in a poor area. The painting was an example a new type tot realism oil painting. The old man in the painting had very dark skin and countless wrinkles. His eyes showed his loneliness and deadness. It seemed like he was thinking about the past or thinking about the future, His dry lips and one tooth symbolized his abundant memory including both happiness and sadness. How much hardship he passed all listed on his big hand (Ai, p. 15-18). Lou showed people a very real and common person among them, who experienced a lot and had faith for the future and who was optimistic and strong. Even though the painting was designed quite in details, the main feeling or the main image was not affected. This painting reflected that painters changed their main focus from the chairman to the more common people round them.

Marketing Plan of Thy free essay sample

With a population of 75 million, a dynamic economy, a relatively large geographical area (780,000 sq km) and increasing disposable income among its population,Turkey’s air travel demand continues to grow, at a time when the majority of Europe is experiencing sharp reductions. 1. 2 Strategic geographic position: The country is attractively geographically positioned, located only three hours flight time from 50 different countries (according to Turkish Airlines) and its unique position. 1. 3 Strong domestic presence: Turkish Airlines currently operates to 37 domestic destinations. . 4Star Alliance  membership and close relationship with Lufthansa: Most airlines will have to be part of an alliance in order to survive in the future because if you are not a member of an alliance it is very hard to compete with other alliances that offer incredible benefits 2. External analysis. 2. 1 Political factor THY is a government-owned, national flag carrier Labor agreement has powerful(Tur kish Civil Union of Aviation) Discounters suit themselves and make money from receipts thanks to regulations of government In 2002, the new Turkish Government announced, it would not be subsidization for THY The State Privatization Administration launched a public share offering Trust of financial markets without the need for government guarantees 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Plan of Thy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2 Economical factor Ticket prices have risen because of the increasing in fuel costs Air travel in Turkey will be the biggest growth market THY sells tickets via the Internet so that sales costs can be minimized The number of airline companies will be diminished and the condition of market will change because airline firms in Europe fortificates The number of travelling tourist from Europe to Turkey cut down due to the terrorism International economic situation,or global crisis 2. 3 Social factor In international area, competitors use service culture enough to make their customers comfortable about the airline They have always been transaction- oriented, not customer oriented Swine flu,climate conditions and crash in Amsterdam People’s lifestyle of transportation is changed by development in aircrafts Service culture problem, It will take time Special days . 4 Technological factor Satellite programming, wireless internet access, satellite monitors at every seat and seat –back personal video screens in modish aircrafts Reservation on telephone and on the Internet THY uses IBM computers Turkish Airlines (THY), to take effect the new competitive conditions in the world, which has become an important reality, â€Å"On-Demand Enterprise† business processes in order to become in-house, it heard the need for fl exibility for agencies within the framework of inter-and customers. This is in line with the management of software development, infrastructure, processes and tools needed to standard. 2. x. Coment We did internal and external analysis. It provided to see tool for audit and analysis of the overall strategic position of the business and its environment for us. it is the foundation for evaluating the internal potential and limitations and the probable/likely opportunities and threats from the external environment. It views all positive and negative factors inside and outside the firm that affect the success. 3. Swot analysis. STRENGTHS |OPPORTUNITIES | |Expanding home market economy and favourable demographic; |A growing market, despite the economic crisis; | |Strategic geographic position; |A popular tourism destination; | |Substantial cost advantage over rivals; | Benefiting from liberalisation policies; | |Rising market share; |Extend coverage to Transatlantics; | |Star Alliance membership and close relationship with Lufthansa; |Business customers focus; | |Great flight frequency; |Drawing passengers into onward flights from Istanbul hub; | |Great product and customer services; | | |WEAKNESSESS |THREATS | |Turkey |Currency shifts may inhibit profitability; | |Higher risk organic growth strategy; |LCCs increasing their presence; | |Massive fleet growth to fund; |Lufthansa product differentiation; | |Under-utilising the potential of a strong alliance; |Lufthansa coverage expansion; | |Market adaptation product; | | |Product differentiation; | | |Brand/ specific product awareness; | | II Stage Resarch analysis market and customer 1 Competitors Overview and Situation analysis Turkish Airlines competes with three main airlines on the route London. Istanbul. Theseare: British Airways that execute flights from London Heathrow to Istanbul Ataturk (2-3 flightsdaily), Pegasus Airlines serving London Stansted Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen (1 flight daily)and Easyjet serving London Gatwick Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen (1 flight daily). Based onthe above information, Turkish Airlines main competitor is British Airways as a full serviceairline providing connection from main-to-main airport, whilst Pegasus Airlines and Easyjetare LCC executing flights from secondary airports to Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen airportlocated further away from Istanbul in the Asian side. Turkish Airlines is the only companyserving airports as London Gatwick, London Stansted, Manchester and Birmingham inaddition to its main London Heathrow base. 1. 1 The Competitors Competitors for Turkish Airlines are classified as direct and non-direct threat. Although BA is a direct threat to Turkish Airlines, the latter possess the advantage ofservicing different airports around UK, targeting local communities and businesses on awider spectrum 1. 1. 1. British Airways British Airways is the main competitor of Turkish Airlines on the route LHR-IST. It is a fullservice airline the national carrier of Great Britain. Its strong position in the UK market iswell defined. BA serves more than 680 destinations around the world some of which oncode share bases with One World partner airlines. 1. 1. 2 Pegasus Airlines Pegasus Airlines is a LCC servicing London Stansted Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen Airport. Theairline is not classified as a main threat to Turkish Airlines services as it operates fromsecondary airports and its product has a low value compared to the full service of TurkishAirlines. One advantage of this carrier is the fact that it has extensive route connections inregional Turkey. 1. 1. 3. Easyjet Easyjet is a Low Cost carrier servicing London Gatwick Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen Airport. The airline is not classified as a main threat to Turkish Airlines services, even though itoperates from the 2nd largest airport in London Gatwick. Its product has a low valuecompared to the full service of Turkish Airlines. The airline is better positioned with flightservices within mainland Europe and has no regional connections within Turkey. 1. 2 Competitors products Pegasus Airlines and Easyjet, as low cost carriers have well defined product structure mainlytargeting the leisure market. Their product value refers to the low cost model with fewerservices on board -product that can mainly be directed to travellers on a budget (no seatallocation, paid snacks and baggage allowance, etc. ). Their flights are operated eitherfrom/or to secondary airports which are no attractive to wider group of passengers(especially business). Therefore their product and marketing strategy differs from the one ofTurkish Airlines. British Airways is a full service airline that provide similar product to Turkish Airlines andtherefore is considered as the main competitor. They provide the economy (leisure traveller)product along with the upper economy and business class experience. 2. Customers The primary target market for the airline is corporate business air travel. The main need ofthis type of customers is the corporate discount available in return for volume. The companyproduct will be positioned to these customers to provide significant cost savings overcompetitors. Both London and Istanbul are cities with many multinational companies andbusinesses, which create a vast market for corporate travel. Corporate travellers that TurkishAirlines should be targeting include, Deutsche bank, PwC, Delloit, Shell and several otherprominent corporations with links in Istanbul and London who fly business class and hassignificant volume of business travel between the pair cities. The secondary target market for the airline is the small business and independent businesstravellers who typically fly from Heathrow to Istanbul but also from the industrial cities Manchester and Birmingham. The product will be positioned for these customers byproviding a FFP and a business class fare that is significantly lower than most traditionalfares (the two main needs of business travellers according to surveys). The product will alsobe positioned to this target market as the one with the highest levels of service on board theaircraft, significantly higher levels of comfort offered by the seats and a higher degree ofluxury compared to the competition. The final target market for the airline is the luxury travel market that exists from London andManchester to Istanbul. The product will be marketed and positioned to these customers as a „ first class service at business class fares’ . These customers are generally uninterested inthe frequency demanded by business travellers. III Stage Determine Segmentation strategy and positioning . Target Positioning of Turkish Airlines The primary target market for the airline is corporate business air travel. The main need of this type of customers is the corporate discount available in return for volume. The company product will be positioned to these customers to provide significant cost savings over competitors. Both London and Istanbul are cities with many multinational companies and businesses, which create a vast market for corporate travel. Corporate travellers that TurkishAirlines should be targeting include, Deutsche bank, PwC, Delloit, Shell and several other prominent corporations with links in Istanbul and London who fly business class and has significant volume of business travel between the pair cities. The secondary target market for the airline is the small business and independent business travellers who typically fly from Heathrow to Istanbul but also from the industrial cities Manchester and Birmingham. The product will be positioned for these customers byproviding a FFP and a business class fare that is significantly lower than most traditionalfares (the two main needs of business travellers according to surveys). The product will alsobe positioned to this target market as the one with the highest levels of service on board theaircraft, significantly higher levels of comfort offered by the seats and a higher degree ofluxury compared to the competition. The final target market for the airline is the luxury travel market that exists from London andManchester to Istanbul. The product will be marketed and positioned to these customers as a „ first class service at business class fares’ . These customers are generally uninterested inthe frequency demanded by business travellers. Targeting about customer : Recently , There was newspaper for Business Class in Turkish airlines. But nowadays They don’t have newspaper for any passenger. That’s why one of pollester analyzed this situation. According to polls : And most of passengers who were in business class , wanted to get newspaper during to flight also they wanted to scientific and technical journal. (Therefore They will have newspaper and magazine which are business class interested in. ) During the flight , the shortest flight should take minimum 3 hours. Passengers who are business class want to get free alcohol(Especially wine) and of course they are going to want to eat delicious food. Most of business class of passenger care food and amount of food.. We know that good serves are going to be good memory for passenger. (For this reason , Turkish Airlines Cooker’s is going to flight all time for delicious and fresh cook during the flights. ) The other important things about passengers is fast internet. Because they often need to check their mailbox . And they need to fast internet for follow the â€Å"be up to date† all time. (They will have fastest internet. ) Passengers need to get comfort. Because Generally after flight , they go to meeting to company. Thats why they don’t want to go to company wearily. (THY will have the comfortest seats. ) Also We realized that â€Å"Keeping passenger informed about all types of flight information† is the other important things. (Pilot often should give information. ) Passengers say that the most important thing is â€Å"Cabin ventilation†. We know that â€Å" be able to breathe easily â€Å" mean is positive behavior in this day. And they want to know ; which country are we flying on now ? If flight is going to take long hours , exactly it will be boring. And they can wonder this. That’s why Navigation is necessary for all plane. Surely Turkish Airlines has Navigation but some of planes don’t have navigation. (Airlines is going to put navigation to all planes. )Business Class passenger’s can want to watch movie in their special t. v. Therefore We often need to update the movies . Because almost everyday New movies are come out. And watch movie during the flight is good time for watch.. Segmentation of Marketing in Turkish Airlines (%) : [pic] [pic] [pic][pic][pic] IV Set marketing plan objective and direction 1. Objective The main objective of the marketing plan for Turkish Airlines is to increase the generated revenue in the business segment in order to secure the financial sustainability and future growth of the company and its premium product in the EU market. This will primarily be achieved in three stages; firstly by defining the market to narrow the market focus to consumers and businesses that are qualified to or are already users of business class air travel, secondly by further identifying the available market from main hubs in EU (London, Frankfurt, Paris) and the rest of EU to Istanbul and finally targeting the potential market for additional leisure and business travel on the route. Each segment of the market will be targeted to increase Turkish Airlines sales and improve the airlines load factors. Table 1 below summarises the marketing objectives: Objective |Time period | |Increase revenue in business segment by 15% |Summer 2013/winter 2013/14 | |Increase market share by 4% to 58% |By the start of Summer 2013 | |Increase market share to 62. 4% |During Summer 2013 | | | | |Increase load factor from 68% to 72% |By the start of Summer 2013 | |Further increase of load factor by 5% to 77% |During Summer 2013/Winter 13/14 | |Promote thy. om for bookings to reduce cost |Throughout the whole period | 2. Marketing Plan and Marketing campaigns. Turkish Airlines marketing promotions will be designed to enable the airline to exceed its marketing objectives by increasing interest in the product and the willingness of consumers to buy it. This section of the report proposes several marketing promotions for the airline to increase their sales, brand awareness, and loyalty from existing customers beyond that which can be provided by advertising alone. 2. 1 Advanced Booking Price Promotions Th e main aim of the price promotions will be to reduce the number of empty seats on the aircraft and hence to maximise revenue. Assuming that the existing target load factors are sufficient to generate significant profit additional seats which otherwise would be empty could be sold at significantly reduced prices, however they must still yield a profit for the service provided. Turkish Airlines price promotion will provide significantly low prices for customers who are able to book an anytime seat over one calendar month in advance. This promotion will be targeted at leisure travellers as it is assumed that a majority of business travellers book their seats close to the required date of departure as they are required to leave on short notice. 2. 2Three for Two The main aim of this promotion is to generate additional revenue while not overbooking the aircraft or undermining the passengers who have not utilised this promotion, which would most likely be the case if a buy one get one free promotion were offered. This promotion is based on a consumer or group of consumers purchasing two full fare return tickets and receiving a third one free. This promotion could enable three consumers to travel at once for the price of two, general trends of leisure travellers, or enable a single consumer who purchases two tickets within a month, general trend of a business class consumer, to be offered the third one free. The free ticket will be restricted and must be used within a period of one month. This promotion will be designed to run in May, June, July and August when target load factors are less than 60%. 2. 3Promotional Items for On-line Bookings All consumers who book flights in August through to December directly through www. thy. om will be offered free Istanbul sightseeing tour cards or similar organised tours. This is designed to increase load factors above target load factors for these months but also to reduce distribution costs of tickets. For all business passengers on onward flights from Istanbul, 1 or 2 free nights at luxury hotels will be offered. 2. 4Turkish Airlines Triple Points Frequent Flyer Program MilesSmiles is already a rewarding and generous scheme where passengers can redeem rewards and take advantage of many benefits. In April, June and Oct, the airline will offer triple points on all bookings made on-line. V Marketing plan strategies , problems and support . 1. Marketing Mix (7 P ies) 1. 1Product Turkish Airlines product is providing economy and business class travel between major EU hubs and Istanbul. The airline method of providing its services is what differentiates its product and allows it to offer vast benefits, such as space, seats, comfort and in-flight services, as well as genuine gestures such as Istanbul sightseeing cards and chauffeur services to the existing economy and business class passengers. 1. 2 Price The main pricing strategy of the company is to maintain price leadership. While Turkish Airlines pricing allows the company to achieve its financial goals, i. e. make a profit, it undercuts the realities of the marketplace for the product and service offered by its competitor. Based on competitor pricing customers would be willing to buy at Turkish Airlines prices. Turkish Airlines pricing strategies support the products positioning, as the low price does not act as a substitute for lack of product quality, and are consistent with the other variables in the marketing mix. Pricing is influenced by the distribution channels used particularly in selling to corporate customers. However, through negotiations the airline can achieve great results with its corporate clients. 1. 3 Promotion Turkish Airlines promotional strategy will be carried out with the target customer in mind preventing the waste of time and money on ineffective promotional activities such as TV ads. Other methods of creating awareness of the airline product will include sales promotions and presence at business trade shows, promoting the airlines directly to the target audiences, as well as social websites like Facebook, Twitter, etc. 1. 4 Place A Multi-level marketing strategy will be employed to distribute the product. That is a combination of direct sales and indirect sales through the internet, Business trade shows and corporate travel agencies. 1. 5 People Dynamically and soundly sustaining its growth with a youthful yet experienced team, Turkish Airlines was the author ofgreat successes with 15,384 employees in 2011. In order to maintaining the highest standards of service, Turkish Airlines personnel employed in all capacities perform their jobs with a focus on effective use of technology under the most ideal quality conditions. 1. 6 Physical environment Turkish Airlines is not only a substantial full service carrier in its own right, but also maintains a solid position at the low cost end of the market, domestically through AnadoluJet and its Lufthansa JV in SunExpress. This reinforcement allows the flag carrier to focus on its core, full service role, and to continually grow its position in the expanding Eastern European and Middle East and central Asian markets. Turkish Airlines benefits significantly from the combination of its strategically valuable geographic position and its Istanbul hubbing capability. Straddling Asia and Europe, while relatively close to the Equator, Turkey offers its national airlines – and THY in particular – powerful access to: 1. A large and increasingly affluent domestic market and massive expatriate community, much of it in Germany; 2. Western Europe; 3. Eastern Europe; 4. The Middle East; 5. Central Asia; and 6. Long haul one-stop sixth freedom connections, in much the same way as the Gulf airlines, Emirates, Etihad and Qatar Airways have exploited global markets. Unlike those airlines, Turkish has the advantage of a large home base, to generate economies of scale. For THY, there is still considerable upside in the latter of these, which in turn grows its network strength and connectivity options into its extensive short and medium haul European routes. 1. 7 Process The most important factor separating Turkish Airlines from its competitors is its success in maintaining reliability, speed and timeliness without compromising service quality. Flying Turkish Airlines is an experience of its own, always associated with the Turkish hospitality – experience of comfort, quality pre-boarding and onboard services and great customer service. Turkish Airlines competitive advantage in EU is based on its flight operations from all of EU capitals and number regional airports, enabling the company to increase its market share and passenger network. Flights frequencies are another advantage that boosts passengers flying the airline to increase enormously. Regional connections from its main hub in Istanbul, as well as more than 145 onward connections to the Middle and Far East and Asian countries(and further 940 destinations with its code share partners), enables Turkish Airlines to be one of the most desirable airlines. The onboard product combining economy service focused to the leisure passengers, together with the unique business passengers? product, providing services, such as dedicated check-in points, exclusive security gates and effortless passport control at low fares assign the airline as one of the most preferred among different group of passengers. 2 Action and Campaign 2. 1 Internet In order to attract EU leisure and business travellers, Turkish Airlines will market and make direct sales via its web site. This allows for cheap and efficient distribution costs and reaches a wide consumer base. The website allows customers to make reservations for flights and provides purchase and payment capabilities, as well as comprehensive information on offers. Social websites like Facebook and Twitter could create brand awareness and can be used as a marketing tool for promotions of the airline. 2. 2 Direct Sales to Corporations In order to attract large corporations and medium sized businesses, Turkish Airlines will directly contact the travel departments of corporations and businesses in EU with links in Turkey. 2. Direct Sales to Secretaries and PA’s Often PA. s and secretaries are required to book flights for managers. Turkish Airlines must target these secretaries with direct mail so that they are aware of the Turkish Airlines product. 2. 4 Corporate Travel Agent s This has the advantage of offering customers a distribution channel they may prefer in making their reservation. 2. 5 Business and Travel Magazines, Outdoor Adverts Important part of Turkish Airlines marketing strategy will be focused on advertising with leading corporate and travel magazines, as well as outdoor advertising, such as billboards, bus and underground posters. 2. 6 Customer Service Building substantial customer relationship will be the primary objective of Turkish Airlines. That will be achieved through extensive communication with its current customers, special discounts and incentives for regular passengers, etc. 3. Marketing plan problems At present, Turkish really appears to be on a roll. Most of the key ingredients line up to make strengths and opportunities the dominant forces in the carriers landscape. Even its weaknesses are little more than an inability to grasp opportunities fully (such as for example under-use of the potential of Star membership codesharing). In some ways the scenario almost appears too good to last. But most of the right building blocks are now in place for sustained and profitable growth in what is still in many ways an under-exploited market. Turkish Airlines product must be positioned to the target market as one that meets and exceeds the needs of both leisure and business class travellers, who would normally fly with LCC like Easyjet or Ryanayr (leisure passengers) or Lufthansa (business passengers), through increased product innovation and quality. 3. Market support strategies Turkish Airlines market presence will be achieved by relying on the strategy of identifying and serving well both leisure and business market. Reservations will be centralised and cost effective, by popularising the official website of the airline. Marketing will be media generated to the business and corporate accounts with combined media and direct sales focused to the leisure market. The product focused towards business travellers allows them to hold in flight meetings in comfort and order meals and services to suit their timetable and specific needs. Although business class travel is not a new product, Turkish Airlines product has improved to the highest level possible, to compete with its major competitors mainly based on price differentiation. The advantage of a local and highly identifiable market is that media selections can be limited in scope. The most effective media is expected to be outdoor billboards and posters on buses and underground, as they have acted as a key generator of sales for other airlines. Presence in the popular social websites would be beneficial in order to increase brand awareness and can be used as powerful marketing tool for advertising promotions, etc. Based on all these actions, Turkish Airlines can meet its challenges and act in order to achieve its set goals and objectives, as well as to maintain its leadership position in the EU market. VI Plan to measure progress and performance . Ansoff Matrix The Ansoff Growth matrix is another marketing planning tool that helps a business determine its product and market growth strategy. Ansoff’s product/market growth matrix suggests that a business’ attempts to grow depend on whether it markets new or existing products in new or existing markets. The output from the Ansoff product/market matrix is a series of  suggested growth strategies which set the direction for the business strategy. These are described below: [pic] That’s why We are going to use Ansoff Matrix for Turkish Airlines. Market Penetration : Market penetration is the name given to a growth strategy where the business focuses on selling existing products into existing markets. Market penetration seeks to achieve four main objectives: †¢ Maintain or increase the market share of current products – this can be achieved by a combination of competitive pricing strategies, advertising, sales promotion and perhaps more resources dedicated to personal selling †¢ Secure dominance of growth markets Restructure a mature market by driving out competitors; this would require a much more aggressive promotional campaign, supported by a pricing strategy designed to make the market unattractive for competitors. Increase usage by existing customers – for example by introducing loyalty schemes A market penetration marketing strategy is very much about â€Å"business as usual†. The business is focusing on markets and products it knows well. It is likely to have good information on competitors and on customer needs. It is unlikely, therefore, that this strategy will require much investment in new market research. For Turkish Airlines : First of all We should keep our attitude in the market. After that We can purpose to incrase our passenger and consequently our income. For this We can keep working with famous person (Messi, Kobe .. ) in our advertisement. Therefore We can get market share of our competitors. But Sometimes everything can not be on the way and company can get damage in market. Thus Our company should get ready for all condition. Also We can increase usage by existing by loyalty. My idea is : we can give to them special things. (if someone use Thy two times in a month , we can give to them extra baggage chance. Not 15 kg. maybe 20 or more.. ) We should feel our customer special for us. I have one really original idea. When they buy ticket , we should learn their birthdate. And The customer which has account in ourwebsite , when Their birthday come ; Our customer can have special promotion. We can send e-mail to them and : Happy birthday. Here is your special promotion number. You can get %40 percent discount with you flight. Remember you should buy till tonight ( But When we are doing this strategy , we should be carefully too much. Because Some foxy person can create unreal birthday ( That’s why we can decide that : Just One person can get this special promotion in each plane. Market development Market development is the name given to a growth strategy where the business seeks to sell its existing products into new markets. There are many possible ways of approaching this strategy, including: †¢ New geographical markets; for example exporting the product to a new country †¢ New product dimensions or packaging †¢ New distribution channels (e. g. oving from selling via retail to selling using e-commerce and mail order) †¢ Different pricing policies to attract different customers or create new market segments Market development is a more risky strategy than market penetration because of the targeting of new markets. For Turkish Ai rlines :Customer of Turkish Airlines are : %59. 4 in Europe , % 15 Middle Eastern , %12. 9 Asia , %7. 6 Africa , % 5. 2 America. America is far from Turkey. That’s why person who is from America, can choose another company which is located in America. Although Africa close to Turkey , There is just less our customer in Africa. We can focus on the our customers which live in Africa. Well , What Can we do for get more customer from Africa ? [pic] We can see from this picture : We are flying just 3 destinations which are in Africa . That’s why Our percentage of customers which are in Africa , too less in our all customers. We can fly 2-3 new destinations more. We know that their economics are not good but we can provide low price with small plane and make no compromises from our quality. And also we can campaing. For example : When you buy Turkish Airlines ticket , 10% of The money which you pay , goes to homeless or person who cant find food.. It will be better. Because you know most of them cant find food. It ? s good to loyalty for Turkish Airlines. Product development Product development is the name given to a growth strategy where a business aims to introduce new products into existing markets. This strategy may require the development of new competencies and requires the business to develop modified products which can appeal to existing markets. A strategy of product development is particularly suitable for a business where the product needs to be differentiated in order to remain competitive. A successful product development strategy places the marketing emphasis on: †¢ Research development and innovation †¢ Detailed insights into customer needs (and how they change) †¢ Being first to market For Turkish Airlines Istanbul Ataturk Airport has parking problems. There is not enough empty places for all of passengers cars. And passengers usually does not enough time to fing for parcing area. Turkish Airlines can provide their customers about parcing service. Our advice is to avoid loss of time looking for a place to park when you arrive at the airport by your car, why not leave your car at one of the valet delivery points in front of the domestic international terminals and THY CIP Building taking advantage of the comfort and for 3 hours it can be free. The other problem is delays. There are lots of reason about delays but passengers are not responsible about this topic. In case of a 3  h delay THY can returns the ticket; and in case of a 5  h delay it both returns the ticket and gives free ticket to its passengers. New products for turkish airlines can be PS3 which is game console. You can play a lot of games during the flights. Th? s ? dea is better for customers who are between 15 and 30 years old. Maybe ? t ? s not good for business class but they are people. It doesn’t mean they are working all time. Sometimes They need rest and don’t want to think about work , spend time for different things. It ? s good choose for think about different . Diversification of products (services) Diversification is a form of corporate strategy for a company. It seeks to increase profitability through greater sales volume obtained from new products and new markets. Diversification can occur either at the business unit level or at the corporate level. At the business unit level, it is most likely to expand into a new segment of an industry that the business is already in. At the corporate level, it is generally via investing in a promising business outside of the scope of the existing business unit. The strategies of diversification can include internal development of new products or markets, acquisition of a firm, alliance with a complementary company, licensing of new technologies, and distributing or importing a products line manufactured by another firm. Generally, the final strategy involves a combination of these options. This combination is determined in function of available opportunities and consistency with the objectives and the resources of the company. For Turkish Airlines Improving in-flight services is a major move that could differentiate Turkish Airlines. Providing a different in-flight product, such as catering that influence the Turkish tradition (cuisine) and hospitality, and specific product tailored for the business travellers focusing on their needs and wants, would attract more passengers looking for enjoyable and influential travel experience. Entertainment and communication in-flight systems are major advantage of Turkish Airlines. A great opportunity for Turkish Airlines, as the largest carrier for Turkey in the EU market is to expand its presence and extend the route networks into regional airports. This will enable the company to draw huge amount of traffic, knowing that the EU travel market is a lucrative opportunity. Turkish Airlines is one of the very few airlines in the world that implemented private suite on its long haul fleet. This is a unique product focused towards the needs of superior customers and awareness of this product in the EU market will increase the passenger demand for the onward flights of Turkish Airlines from Istanbul. Cost reductions can be achieved by reducing the office premises and ground staff the airline use. Focusing on online bookings, e-customer services and e-technology will be a major objective in achieving cost cuts. Thus, the benefit would be given to consumers in the way of cheaper tickets or special discounts.

Free Essays on Y2K Bugged

Y2K Bugged - What Happened? Were Y2K remediation efforts a big waste of time and money for corporate America? The answer looks to be a resounding no. Network professionals have reported a host of benefits they will enjoy in 2000 and beyond because of IT inventories, business analysis and system testing completed under the umbrella of Y2K preparedness. Overall, the U.S. spent more than $100 billion fixing the Y2K problem since 1995, according to John Koskinen, the federal government's Y2K czar. He estimates that the rest of the world spent an additional $100 billion to repair and replace computer systems and networks in preparation for the millennium date change. The investments appear to have been wise. While many government agencies and companies experienced minor Y2K-related glitches, no significant system outages occurred over New Year's weekend. And although it is still early to declare absolute victory over Y2K, date-change problems expected during the next few weeks and months will likely be nuisances rather than business-crippling matters. The lesson we have learned. As IT executives close up their command centers, they are putting together the lessons they have learned from the Y2K drill. They say one of the biggest advantages is Y2K forced them to thoroughly inventory and document IT systems and networks. "We were able to conduct a very intensive inventory of all our systems," says Lyn McDermid, chief information officer of Virginia Power in Richmond, Va. "As a result of that, we have eliminated quite a few redundant applications, and we eliminated systems that were obsolete. That should reduce our support costs. "We were also able to introduce some new technology and jump-start our Web development. We feel that we really did get ancillary benefits from Y2K." Similarly, Prudential Insurance created strategic inventories of its software, hardware and business partners. Irene Dec, Prudential's Y2K program ma... Free Essays on Y2K Bugged Free Essays on Y2K Bugged Y2K Bugged - What Happened? Were Y2K remediation efforts a big waste of time and money for corporate America? The answer looks to be a resounding no. Network professionals have reported a host of benefits they will enjoy in 2000 and beyond because of IT inventories, business analysis and system testing completed under the umbrella of Y2K preparedness. Overall, the U.S. spent more than $100 billion fixing the Y2K problem since 1995, according to John Koskinen, the federal government's Y2K czar. He estimates that the rest of the world spent an additional $100 billion to repair and replace computer systems and networks in preparation for the millennium date change. The investments appear to have been wise. While many government agencies and companies experienced minor Y2K-related glitches, no significant system outages occurred over New Year's weekend. And although it is still early to declare absolute victory over Y2K, date-change problems expected during the next few weeks and months will likely be nuisances rather than business-crippling matters. The lesson we have learned. As IT executives close up their command centers, they are putting together the lessons they have learned from the Y2K drill. They say one of the biggest advantages is Y2K forced them to thoroughly inventory and document IT systems and networks. "We were able to conduct a very intensive inventory of all our systems," says Lyn McDermid, chief information officer of Virginia Power in Richmond, Va. "As a result of that, we have eliminated quite a few redundant applications, and we eliminated systems that were obsolete. That should reduce our support costs. "We were also able to introduce some new technology and jump-start our Web development. We feel that we really did get ancillary benefits from Y2K." Similarly, Prudential Insurance created strategic inventories of its software, hardware and business partners. Irene Dec, Prudential's Y2K program ma...

International Current Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Current Issues - Essay Example self-defence in international law Contemporary attitudes on the issue of pre-emptive self-defence appear to fall into four distinct schools of thought. The strict-constructionist school starts with the proposition that Article 2 (4) of the UN Charter details broader prohibition on the utilization of force. The utilization of force, as opposed to â€Å"war,† mirror a desire to ban transnational armed conflicts, not merely conflicts emanating from formal state of war. Strict constructionists’ highlights that Article 2 (4) ban any trans-boundary utilization of military force, inclusive of force justified by reference to the diverse doctrines established in the pre-Charter era of reprisal, forcible self-help, humanitarian intervention, and protection of nationals. Strict constructionist outlines that states may utilize force in self-defence as dictated by Article 51 of the UN charter. Proponents of the â€Å"imminent threat† school embrace the language of Article 51 speaks of self-defence in retaliation to an armed attack. However, proponents of this school of thought employ three lines of argument to progress a norm favouring a right of anticipatory self-defence, rather than pre-emptive self-defence. The proponents of this school of thought acknowledge that the UN Charter provides an intrinsic right to defend against an imminent threat. The provision â€Å"if an armed attack occurs† fails to impose conditions on the exercise of the intrinsic right; moreover, the broad meaning of the term â€Å"armed attack† accommodates the perception of â€Å"armed attack† as encompassing an attack that is imminent and inevitable. Nevertheless, proponents of this school of thought are unwilling to broaden the meaning of Article 51 beyond the notion of addressing imminent armed attack.2 This... This paper approves that the customary international law has a huge bearing on issues relating to self-defence. However, controversy still reigns since there is minimal scholarly consensus on the meaning of â€Å"imminence† within the context of contemporary threats. Furthermore, there is minimal consensus on who may be targeted in the sphere of non-state actors of those threatening, planning, perpetrating, and availing material support critical to organizing an armed attack. The labelling of an armed attack as â€Å"imminent† can be shaped by the relevant circumstances inclusive of the immediacy and nature of the threat; the possibility of an attack; whether the foreseen attack is part of a concerted pattern of persistent armed activity; the probability scale of the attack and the injury scale, or damage possible to emanate in the absence of mitigating action, and, the the probability that other opportunities to effect effective action in self-defence, which may yield to severe collateral injury, damage, or loss. This report makes a conclusion that opinions regarding the legality of self-defence under international law remain divided; one school of thought demands that an armed attack ought to occur prior to a state lawfully acting in self-defence. The resort to armed force remains outlawed as per the international law, except in cases where the UN Security Council awards permission. Military action ought to be employed as a last resort and must be essential to utilize force to deal with the precise threat at hand.

The Remake of the Horror Movie Texas Chainsaw Essay

The Remake of the Horror Movie Texas Chainsaw - Essay Example Every moment of the film from the camera, to the creak woodwork, to the glance of the eyes that permeates within the chilling feel of dread is truly amazing, and it gives a remarkable piece of filmmaking. I went to the cinema overrating the remake of the Texas Chainsaw Massacre. The approach in the remake is great since it captures the existence of its predecessor, it also presumes to usurp the original title of the Texas Chainsaw Massacre and claims to be bigger and more superior than the previous version that was done by Tobe Hooper (Evan, 32). The screenplay is not lifted in any way to throw in some new groove as the filmmakers claimed and put what they say into action. For once, they were not kidding. This film says that it knows what the audience is expecting and it is going to give just that. However, I will not talk about what made it great in version that is watered-down. The only thing I am doing is giving something new that takes the basic storyline of the original version then draws the inspiration from its creepy screenplay. The nod of the original version comes into play in the opening moment of the movie. John Larroquette gives a narration that is much similar to the one in Tobe Hooper's version. The only notable change is that in the remake the narration is far more complex since it is done using some digitally decayed-looking super 8 film stock (Evan, 10). When the film starts in a van with kids who are much familiar to 1973, it takes us back to the original version. The usual suspects Andy and his narcissistic boy antiques are constantly making out with the free hippie Pepper, Morgan is the stand-in for the original’s wheelchair-bound Franklin. In addition to walking on his own, he is a bit acidic and not as naive. Burns, good Erin who does not drink or do drugs, play the new version of Marilyn. She wants to get married to his boyfriend Kemper.

Learning and education Essay Example for Free

Learning and education Essay Learning and education are some of the most prized assets any person could have. Many parents consider these assets to be the primary treasure which they can give to their children to face the challenges of the future. However, there are some instances in which education becomes unreachable due to some hindrances like learning disabilities. It may become a concern not only for the individual but for the family as well.   Fortunately there are still some available steps in order to combat the possible dilemmas learning disabilities might bring.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the part of Tony, it seems that he is not really that ready enough to become a part of the larger scope of education structure. He used to have a separated domain of learning which highlighted his interests to accommodate knowledge. The one-on-one teaching method provided by Ms. Brumbley became the most comfortable realm for Tony to achieve success. However, in order to develop more, he needs to take a few more steps of the education ladder. In middle school and beyond, school works are more complex and require more diligence in following directions. Add to that the extremely dynamic social nature of the class where students will tend to stabilize their roles and projections towards other members of the society. Because of such factors, Tony may have a hard time adjusting to the situation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to accommodate Tony to perform his ultimate best, what can be done is to at least set some modifications in the classroom. First is to introduce the basic foundations of new lessons for discussion. For example, a lesson in Math can first take a course of simple arithmetic to fraction computations. This may seem too easy relative for the whole class but exampling to them the importance of the strong math foundation will not impose an obvious aspect that the procedure is intended for Tony to refresh what he has previously learned. It is also possible to provide Tony a separate customized textbook and assignments so that he can gradually adjust to the lessons involved in middle school education. This approach is not intended for a long term basis so that he can actually progress to entertain newer and more complex lessons in middle school subjects. Lastly, as a concerned teacher, he will be provided with at least an hour of academic assistance everyday after class. A consultation form of conversation is best for him so that he could provide any feedback about the class procedures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to support the standing of Tony in middle school through high school, coordinating with his other teachers would be the best practice to do. This will help the whole learning sector to have a single approach in fulfilling the special needs of Tony. Even if after he has completed the year level in a particular class, a complete coordination between his previous teachers and the ones who will be handling him should be initiated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Basing on some studies and personal observations, individuals like Tony do not simply experience learning problems. The nearest dilemma apart from education concerns is the social interaction aspect of the person. Primarily, if one is not able to acquire the supposedly pace of learning rates in education, then most probably there will be a certain problem within his core interactive capabilities. Of course, it was noted that he exemplifies a certain degree of fondness in dealing with people in a comical way but deep inside, Tony might also have some concerns in having an interaction with people in a serious manner. If he will realize his disadvantages over the people he will constantly interact with, he might experience a sense of inferiority or discrimination. Compassionate encouragement and kindness can minimize the inferiority factor this dilemma might induce (Kentucky Education Cabinet).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Helping the students to explore their capabilities is one way to nurture their personalities. But for individuals who have a relative disadvantage in learning, utmost assistance and care is needed beyond teaching. References Kentucky Education Cabinet. N.D. Learning Disabilities. Kentucky.gov. Retrieved February 4, 2008 from http://ada.ky.gov/learning_dis_def.htm.

Gabon: An Example For All Of Africa :: essays research papers fc

Gabon: An Example For All of Africa   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The country of Gabon is praised as being one of the most successful countries in Africa. Gabon is a very diverse country in many ways. There are a variety of different tribes that call Gabon home. Also, the land differs through out the county.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gabon is one of the smaller countries of Africa with the area of 267,670 square miles. Comparatively, this is the almost the same size as Colorado. The terrain of this tiny country consists of narrow coastal plains; a hilly interior; and Savannah in the east and south. Much of the interior is rain forests and is not arable. Only 1% of the land is arable The remaining land is either meadows, permanent crops, or other land forms. (The World Fact Book 1995)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gabon is one of the most thinly populated countries in Africa. It has a population of approximately 1,155,000 (July 1995 est.) There are 11 people per square mile. The majority of the Gabonese are of ages 15-64 years. The average life expectancy is 55.14 years. Women live to be around 58, while men are usually around 52 when they die. This is why only 5% of the population is older than 65. The infant mortality is lower than many other African countries, 92.4 per 1,000 live births. (The World Fact Book 1995)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As in most African countries, there are many Bantu tribes make up the ethnicity of the country. There are four major tribal groups. The Fang, Eshira, Bapounou, and the Bateke. (The World Fact Book)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The largest of these tribes is the Fang. They live mainly in the northern area of Gabon. Many years ago they were considered the fiercest warriors of the area. Now, they dominate many of the countries governmental positions. (World Book Encyclopedia page )   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the earlier tribes that is since gone was the Omyene. They lived along the coast. The Omyene are important because they were the first of the natives to meet the European traders and missionaries. They played an important role of keeping peace with the Europeans. (World Book Encyclopedia, 1992 page 2)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Along with there being so many different ethnic backgrounds, there are many religions as well. The major religion is Christian,75 % of the population. About 1% of the population is Muslim. The remaining 24% are animists. These include all of the tribal practices. (The World Fact Book)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the reasons why Gabon has been so successful is that it has a stable government. It is a republic and has multiple political parties. The capitol, Libreville ( aprox. Gabon: An Example For All Of Africa :: essays research papers fc Gabon: An Example For All of Africa   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The country of Gabon is praised as being one of the most successful countries in Africa. Gabon is a very diverse country in many ways. There are a variety of different tribes that call Gabon home. Also, the land differs through out the county.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gabon is one of the smaller countries of Africa with the area of 267,670 square miles. Comparatively, this is the almost the same size as Colorado. The terrain of this tiny country consists of narrow coastal plains; a hilly interior; and Savannah in the east and south. Much of the interior is rain forests and is not arable. Only 1% of the land is arable The remaining land is either meadows, permanent crops, or other land forms. (The World Fact Book 1995)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gabon is one of the most thinly populated countries in Africa. It has a population of approximately 1,155,000 (July 1995 est.) There are 11 people per square mile. The majority of the Gabonese are of ages 15-64 years. The average life expectancy is 55.14 years. Women live to be around 58, while men are usually around 52 when they die. This is why only 5% of the population is older than 65. The infant mortality is lower than many other African countries, 92.4 per 1,000 live births. (The World Fact Book 1995)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As in most African countries, there are many Bantu tribes make up the ethnicity of the country. There are four major tribal groups. The Fang, Eshira, Bapounou, and the Bateke. (The World Fact Book)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The largest of these tribes is the Fang. They live mainly in the northern area of Gabon. Many years ago they were considered the fiercest warriors of the area. Now, they dominate many of the countries governmental positions. (World Book Encyclopedia page )   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the earlier tribes that is since gone was the Omyene. They lived along the coast. The Omyene are important because they were the first of the natives to meet the European traders and missionaries. They played an important role of keeping peace with the Europeans. (World Book Encyclopedia, 1992 page 2)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Along with there being so many different ethnic backgrounds, there are many religions as well. The major religion is Christian,75 % of the population. About 1% of the population is Muslim. The remaining 24% are animists. These include all of the tribal practices. (The World Fact Book)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the reasons why Gabon has been so successful is that it has a stable government. It is a republic and has multiple political parties. The capitol, Libreville ( aprox.

Veronika Decides to Die

YAK generation girls, she had everything she could wish for. She Is young, pretty and beautiful. She is attractive enough that the list of her boyfriends never ended. She has a steady Job and was blessed to have a loving family. She believed herself to be completely normal. Yet, something was lacking and she Is not happy; and one fine day she decides to die. To find out what was the reason behind such decision, you will have to read the novel and on finding the reason I am sure you will moment â€Å"what a silly reason to die. But If you will give a deep thought you also find yourself getting Irritated while going through same stage. She wished to die smoothly without any pain and so she takes an overdose of sleeping pills only to wake up some days later In Wallet, the local mental hospital or asylum. Unfortunate of not meeting her destiny, she started regretting of being alive but soon was happy to hear from doctor that her heart is damaged and she has only few days to live. Those few days took her to the journey of life where she experienced what deadness is.Of course, what else she could learn in asylum. She got a chance to meet three most important characters of her life in asylum and they were the reason where she understood that the every second of existence is a choice that we make between living and dying. The three characters in asylum; Mari suffering from panic disorder because she wanted to leave everything and help victims of war, Gazed a depressed women searching for her first love and Eduardo a schizophrenic son of Ambassador who wanted to fulfill his dreams or likings going against his parents' wish.All three were normal, but they wanted to do something different and were not allowed to do so but had to follow what other normal people were doing. Did Veronica's stay with Gazed, Mari and Eduardo change the fortune of Veronica? Did she change her decision of dying? But doctor said her heart was already damaged. Did some miracle happen? What happen ed to Gazed, Mari and Eduardo? I won't reveal what impact the three characters had on Veronica, you will have to find out on your own; but I am sure this novel will give you elating impact on your life.Most of us don't choose but always learn to follow and are forced to stay In an environment created by our society. Anyone who chooses their own destiny or dares to do something different or challenge the rules created by our society Is counted as MAD. We all have some form of madness Inside us. People who want to do something different should be allowed to follow their dream and should be encouraged, Instead of denominating them. Discouraging them will lead to psychological disorder and they might end up their life in asylum, Just Like Marl, Gazed and Eduardo.Every second In our life is the choice we make between dying and living, so help people to choose living Instead AT along. This book has given a very good definition of madness; it says, â€Å"Anyone who lives in their own worl d is mad, people who are different from other are mad. † All the four characters described in this story are worth reading and it reminds us that every moment in our life is special and precious. Paulo Cello is a storyteller with the power to inspire nations and to change people's lives. This time as well he has not left any point in giving us a moving and uplifting message of life.